NPT Threads

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Teres DifeoThe National Pipe Thread standard is a norm that is enforced in the USA for the threading that is done on pipes, tubes and pipe fittings. This norm ensures that the threads are of the right depth, spacing and tapering pattern and also angle correctly to ensure proper fitting when they are tightened.

The distance between the threads is also specified and it is measured in fractions of an inch. The smallest is 1/8 while the largest is 2 inches of separation between the threads. The small thread designs are used for pipes that convey compressed air or gases while larger sizes are suited for pipes that are used in water and waste management systems. The sealing of pipes depends heavily on the efficiency and accuracy of the threading, hence safe and economical transportation of materials can be done.

One issue that emerges in maintaining the correct NPT threading norms is the thickness and dimensions of the pipe itself. Often there may be minor mistakes in the specifications which lead to variations in the threads and this can result in large errors when pipes are connected. Hence it is essential to conform to the NPT norms very strictly.

The angle of threading has to be constantly maintained at 60 degrees to ensure standardization across the industry and also ensure that all other pipe fittings like clamps, connectors and valves are of a similar, matching angle. The pattern of threads is known as the Seller’s design with a recurring pattern of continuous raised peaks and lowered indentations. Tapered and parallel designs are also available in threading patterns. The parallel design has several parallel rings running round the outer or inner diameter of the pipe or tube, while the tapered design is in a spiral shape of higher and lower diameter along the surface.

In general the thread pattern runs in a right-handed direction. However, left-handed patterns are also available for special requirements and these are designated clearly on the label of the pipe or hose.

Other countries like the UK and Germany have their own thread standardization norms. In the UK it is known as the British Standard Pipe or BSP while in Germany it is known by the German term panzergerwinde. Both these sets of standards are enforceable throughout the world and the manufacturers must specify which standardization pattern they are following, as there are some minor differences between them.

The distance between the threads is also specified and it is measured in fractions of an inch. The smallest is 1/8 while the largest is 2 inches of separation between the threads. The small thread designs are used for pipes that convey compressed air or gases while larger sizes are suited for pipes that are used in water and waste management systems. The sealing of pipes depends heavily on the efficiency and accuracy of the threading, hence safe and economical transportation of materials can be done.

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